Programming languages play a crucial role in the development of modern technologies. They provide means to give instructions to computers, enabling us to automate tasks and create complex programs. In this report, we will explore the history of programming languages, starting from early machine codes to contemporary high-level languages.
SECTION .text
org 0x100
mov ah, 0x9
mov dx, hello
int 0x21
mov ax, 0x4c00
int 0x21
SECTION .data
hello: db "Hello, world!", 0xD, 0xA, '$'
In the early days of computers, programming was done directly using machine codes - binary instructions understandable only by computers. This was extremely difficult and laborious. Gradually, low-level languages like assemblers were developed, providing more convenient symbolic representations of machine codes for specific architectures. This made programming more accessible and allowed the creation of more complex programs.
program simple_calculation
real :: radius, area
real, parameter :: pi = 3.14159
write(*,*) "Enter the radius of a circle:"
read(*,*) radius
area = pi * radius**2
write(*,*) "The area of the circle is:", area
end program simple_calculation
In 1957, Fortran (FORmula TRANslation) was introduced as the first high-level programming language designed for scientific and engineering calculations. It used algorithmic and mathematical formulas to perform operations. Fortran significantly simplified the programming process and gained popularity in academic and research circles.
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. SimpleCalculator.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 radius PIC 9(4)V9(2).
01 area PIC 9(6)V9(2).
01 pi PIC 9(2)V9(5) VALUE 3.14159.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
DISPLAY "Enter the radius of a circle:".
ACCEPT radius.
COMPUTE area = pi * radius * radius.
DISPLAY "The area of the circle is:" area.
STOP RUN.
In the 1960s, COBOL (COmmon Business-Oriented Language) was developed, focusing on business applications and data processing. This language allowed for the automation of accounting and financial processes, becoming the foundation for numerous business applications.
int main() {
float radius, area;
const float pi = 3.14159;
printf("Enter the radius of a circle: ");
scanf("%f", &radius);
area = pi * radius * radius;
printf("The area of the circle is: %f\n", area);
return 0;
}
In the early 1970s, the C programming language was developed, providing a higher level of abstraction than assembly language and enabling the creation of portable programs. C became a key language for developing the UNIX operating system, which, in turn, served as the basis for many modern operating systems. C is considered one of the most influential programming languages in history and has become the basis for the development of numerous other languages.
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CircleAreaCalculator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double radius, area;
final double pi = 3.14159;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the radius of a circle: ");
radius = scanner.nextDouble();
area = pi * radius * radius;
System.out.println("The area of the circle is: " + area);
}
}
Today, there is a multitude of programming languages, each with its own characteristics and intended for specific tasks. For example, JavaScript is used for creating interactive web applications, Ruby for web development, and R for statistical data processing.
Programming languages have played a significant role in technological development and improving our lives. They have enabled the creation of complex programs, automated tasks, and made the world more connected and efficient. As new technologies and needs emerge, it is likely that unique languages will continue to be created, contributing to the progress of humankind.